Tag Archives: energía solar en costa rica

Costa Rica

Costa Rica Solar PV

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The photovoltaic energy in Costa Rica began in 1991 with a pilot project in two indigenous “palenques” from the canton of Siquirres.

Then it spread to places like Península de Osa, Isla Caballo, Dos Bocas de Aguirre, Punta Burica de Golfito, Talamanca, Parque Nacional Volcán Chirripó, Rincón de la Vieja and some Guanacaste zones.

The Miravalles Solar Park was the first major solar electricity plant in Costa Rica and was the largest in Central America when being inaugurated, with a capacity of 1.2 GWh / year.

From Guideline NO14 MINAET the “Pilot Plan for Self Distributed Generation” ICE Group was created.

Many Costa Ricans began to install solar panels on homes and industries and more than 350 requests for interconnection were done, emerged a budding PV market in the country.

In February 2015 ICE Group closed its distributed generation pilot plan, indicating that it had reached its installation limit (10 MW).

Thereafter, users can not made new applications for interconnection.

Distributed generation projects were in the air, which has led to an atmosphere of uncertainty in the sector.

ARESEP Board approved in February 2015, with the corresponding calculation methodology, an access fee which covers all expenses incurred by distributors.

Industry sources said it was an excessively high rate, including maintenance and operating costs not related to distributed generation.

They also criticized the need to implement two measuring devices for subscribers, increasing implementation and billing costs associated with the distribution company.

It is important to unblock this situation to achieve the objectives of the National Development Plan and the VI National Energy Plan 2012-2030.

The solution could be found to continue allowing the interconnection of all stakeholders to the network, reviewing the methodology for calculating the access tariff and reviewing the approach to the need to use 2 measuring devices.

The fixed rates were also rejected by the distributors and the Costa Rican Solar Energy Association.

Regulating the incorporation of photovoltaics to the electricity grid is not easy. There are 3 very different interests (consumers, companies in the solar sector and electricity distributors).

What is clear is that if the legislation reduces the number of users interested in distributed generation, does not fulfill its mission.

Regulation should facilitate procedures for simple and speedy interface for any user, minimizing arbitrariness of either party.

In March 2016 ARESEP set new tariffs for distributed generation access.

How will be charged? It will be based on energy removal. It will not be charged for the energy generated by producer-consumer and used directly in self consumption form.

Time will tell whether the methodology established really meets the objective of encouraging the production of solar or wind energy.

In the case of large photovoltaic generation plants selected under the 7200 Law a very striking situation arises.

ARESEP announced the increase of rate bands established for bidders in July 2015 from $ 7.46 and $ 17.80 kW / h to $ 7.95 and $ 19.08 kW / h.

This increase will affect final energy consumer.

What is striking about this is that none of the four developers selected by the ICE requested any increase. This is a “gift” at final energy consumer expense.

This regulator proposal for increase 6.5% rates for a generation technology that every day is cheaper raises many suspicions.

Costa Rica

Costa Rica Solar Thermal

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In mid-2015 was held in San Jose, Costa Rica an international event to bring together experts from different countries to share experiences on solar thermal technology developed in their areas.

The forum was jointly organized by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the Latin American Energy Organization (OLADE), the Costa Rican Electricity Institute (ICE) and the National Metrology Institute of Germany (PTB).

The forum aimed to bring together experts to support the implementation of mechanisms for quality assurance in order to increase confidence in the technology and spur development, issues of products control, installations and installers, and a visit to the laboratory of solar energy and energy efficiency facilities of the Costa Rican Energy Institute was held.

The most important technical standards of the sector in Costa Rica are:

INTE * 03/01/28 / 2013. Solar thermal systems and components. Solar collectors. General requirements

INTE * 03/02/28 / 2013 Thermal solar systems and their components. Prefabricated systems. General requirements

INTE * ISO 9459-2 / 2013 Solar Energy. Systems for domestic water heating. External test methods for the characterization and yearly performance prediction of solar systems.

In Costa Rica, 41,3% of households use hot water systems (ACS), which mostly operate with electric power.
These systems represent an estimated national consumption of over 250 GWh / year.

It is very evident the need to establish a set of policies and incentives in order to achieve mass use of solar thermal technology in the residential sector.

These should include a technology implementation strategy, covering regulatory aspects, technical training and creation of laws governing the sector.

The aim would be to create a framework to introduce solar thermal systems to replace electric water heating equipment.

The country has approximately 1,200,000 homes for about 4,500,000 inhabitants (3,75 persons / household), of which only 3% are multifamily housing.

It follows that the basic ACS system for the average residential sector of Costa Rica with country radiation levels, would be payed at a more than reasonable time.

One of the most important facilities is located in a Tamarindo (Guanacaste) hotel.

A total of 164 collectors (330 m²) and 25,000 liters storage supplies hot water to 240 rooms and an industrial laundry, generating 529,600 kWh annually.

The investment will pay off in just 36 months with the savings generated.

Costa Rica

Solar Costa Rica

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Between 2006 and 2013, Costa Rica attracted more than U$D 1,700 million for renewable energies projects financing.

In 2013, a record of U$D 600 million was allocated to renewable energy. About 40% were allocated to non-hydroelectric renewable energy, especially wind power.

The electrical system of Costa Rica was 100% renewable in early 2015.

This was made possible by rain and by the strong commitment to renewable energy made in the Central American country.

According to the Costa Rican Electricity Institute, during the first 75 days of the year it was unnecessary to use fuel to feed the power grid of the country.

With reservoirs (Arenal, Cachí, La Angostura and Pirrís) full and what was generated in geothermal, wind, solar and biomass; thermal plants remained as a contingency alternative had not to resort.

Costa Rica has always the greener energy matrix in Central America with 80% coming from hydroelectric and 20% from renewables (mainly wind and geothermal).

One key to this development has been the integration into the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Central America (4E) Program, implemented by the International Cooperation Office of German government, by the General Secretariat of the Central American Integration System (SG -SICA), which works to promote a clean matrix in the region.

The problem is that too depends on the weather. If it does not rain enough, the water shortage creates a problem.

Costa Rica is proposed that its energy is completely clean by 2021. Currently, about half of the primary energy sources are renewable.

The country implemented two mechanisms to facilitate the penetration of renewables.

The first, a specific auctions system by technology that allowed to increase the hiring of additional capacity.

The second, a program to encourage consumers local generation who can sell excess energy to the grid.

However, no progress has been made in solar generation.

The Regulatory Authority for Public Services (ARESEP) proposed a price band for new companies that produce electricity on a solar photovoltaic large scale.

They were discussed in June 2015. The rates approved applies for all plants with capacities equal to or less than 20 MW, in accordance with the provisions of the 7200 Law, which regulates electricity trade between the ICE and private generators.

The intention is to allow private providers to obtain enough income to cover their operating costs, to recover the investment and a reasonable return for the level of risk associated with the electricity generation.

The average cost of the investment, the average cost of operation, the plant factor and the performance are calculated to determine the rate.

With this data rate is calculated with an upper and lower limit. Most of the information used comes from a study by German aid agency GTZ.

The band values will be reviewed once a year by fixing the ordinary procedure, which will begin on the first working day of February each year.

The small-scale generation to consumption is regulated by the POASEN Statement for levels at or below 1 MW generation.